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AC BTU Calculator

Estimate the air conditioner cooling capacity (in BTU/hour) needed to efficiently cool a room.

ft
ft
  • Normal Sunlight
  • Very Sunny (+10%)
  • Heavily Shaded (-10%)
  • No
  • Yes (+4,000 BTU)

How AC BTU works

Sizing an air conditioner correctly is vital for climate control. A unit that is too small cannot keep up, while one that is too large will cycle off too quickly, leaving the room damp.

This calculator uses standard US Department of Energy rules: 20 BTU of cooling power per square foot of room area, adjusted for thermal variables like occupant heat load, direct solar heating, and ovens.

Formula
1Base BTU/hr = Room Area (sq ft) × 20
2Adjusted BTU = Base BTU ± Solar Offset (+10% Sunny / -10% Shaded) + Occupant Load (+600 BTU per person > 2) + Kitchen Offset (+4,000 BTU)

1 ton of refrigeration = 12,000 BTU/hr.

AC BTU conversion table

Reference Table6 rows
Recommended air conditioner sizes based on typical room square footages.
Room Area (sq ft)Required AC Capacity (BTU/hr)AC Class Sizing
100 to 150 sq ft
5,000 BTU/hr
Small Bedroom / Office
150 to 250 sq ft
6,000 BTU/hr
Medium Bedroom / Den
250 to 350 sq ft
8,000 BTU/hr
Large Bedroom / Small Living Room
350 to 450 sq ft
10,000 BTU/hr
Large Living Room / Suite
450 to 550 sq ft
12,000 BTU/hr (1 Ton)
Open Plan Floor / Large Room
550 to 700 sq ft
14,000 BTU/hr
Large Studio / Small Apartment

FAQ: AC BTU

How do you determine what size AC I need?

Calculate the square footage of the room (Length × Width). Multiply that by 20 to get the base BTU load. Add 600 BTUs per person if more than two people occupy the room, and add 4,000 BTUs if the room is a kitchen.

What happens if an AC is too big for a room?

It cools the room too fast, which sounds good but is highly inefficient. The unit will satisfy the thermostat before it has had time to remove humidity from the air, resulting in a clammy, cold, and humid room.

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